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INDOSUMERIAN
SEALS DECIPHERED
_________________________________________

THE
INDO-SUMERIAN SEALS
DECIPHERED

INDOSUMERIAN SEALS DECIPHERED THE INDO-SUMERIAN SEALS DECIPHERED WORKS BY THE SAME AUTHOR THE PHOENICIAN ORIGIN OF THE BRITONS, SCOTS, AND ANGLO-SAXONS. With over 100 illustrations and maps. Williams & Norgate, 1924, 2nd impression, 1925. " Dr Waddell's book exercises a convincing effect — his conclusions and dis- coveries are remarkable, and they are advanced in a manner essentially that of the scientific historian. Deduction follows deduction until the complete edifice stands revealed with every stone in place." — Literary Guide, Feb. 1935, For other Press notices, see inset at end. DISCOVERY OF THE LOST PALIBOTHRA OF THE GREEKS. With plates and maps. Bengal Government Press, Calcutta, 1892. " The discovery of the mightiest city of India clearly shows that Indian antiquarian studies are still in their infancy."— Englishman, Mar. 10, 1693. THE EXCAVATIONS AT PALIBOTHRA. With plates, plans and maps. Government Press, Calcutta, 1903. " This interesting story of the discovery of one of the most important sites in Indian history is told in Col. Waddell's report."— Timesof India, Mar. 5, 1904. PLACE, RIVER AND MOUNTAIN NAMES IN THE HIMALAYAS. Asiatic Society, Calcutta, 1892. THE BUDDHISM OF TIBET. With 150 illustrations. W. H. Allen & Co., 1895. " This is a book which considerably extends the domain of human knowledge. Every page contains new materials ; many of his chapters are entirely new, and the whole forms an enduring memorial of laborious original research. He is the first European who, equipped with the resources of modern scholarship, has penetrated the esoteric Buddhism of Tibet."— The Times, Feb. aa, 1895. REPORT ON MISSION FOR COLLECTING GRECO - SCYTHIC SCULPTURES IN SWAT VALLEY. Beng. Gov. Press, 1895. AMONG THE HIMALAYAS. With numerous original illustrations and maps. Constable, 1899. 2nd edition, 1900. "This is one of the most fascinating books we have ever seen." — Daily Chronicle, Jan. 18, 1B99. " Ad
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                               पाठ २
xii INDO-SUMERIAN SEALS DECIPHERED
Semitic name " Akkad " any better. That name they
now apply to their hypothetical " Western Semites " (who,
we find, were Aryans), and use it to distinguish these from
the decidedly non-Semitic " Sumerians " ; although some
years ago Professor Sayce and others habitually used it in the
diametrically opposite sense, applying it to the people whom
they now term " Sumerians " and vice versa. That name,
however, is merely a Semitic term for the land called by
Sumerians Ari-ki or Uri-ki, i.e., " Land of the Ari or Aryans "
— a land the exact site of which is not yet known, but which
Assyriologists suppose to be in Upper Mesopotamia, because
Sargon I, whom they have dubbed a " Western Semite,"
called his capital " Agade," though he never uses the term
" Akkad," nor is it found in the glossaries as a synonym
for " Agade."
Among the many Vedic priests and kings whose historic
personalities and in part bodily relics, seals and jewellery
are thus recovered and identified are Ausija (Kakshivan)
Kanwa, possibly Gautam Rishi himself, and certainly " the
slave-girl" Usij, the reputed consort of the latter in the
epic romance. Among the kings whose historic identities
and dates and monuments are now recovered, are Haryas'wa
with his father and grandfather, and his descendants of the
Panch-ala or Phoenician Dynasty, including especially
Mudgala with his Indus Valley seal and famous stone-
maces (?), Badhryas'wa and Divo-Dasa, the emperor
Sakuni or Sagara, the priest kings Gadhi, Jamadagni,
Sushena and the truculent Paras'u Rama.

For the Hindus and students of Indian history, civiliza-
tion and religion therefore, these discoveries must be of
especial thrilling interest and importance. They disclose
the actual official signets and grave-amulets of several of the
most famous Vedic seers and authors of Vedic hymns, and
of ancient kings and heroes whose very existence even is
denied by European Sanskrit scholars, with the actual
tombs of many of them containing their sacred dust. And
with these are recovered for the first time the actual dates
and reigns in which they lived four to five thousand years
ago. We also recover through their identifications the
PREFACE
xiii
authentic portraits of many of them from their own con-
temporary seals and monuments, vividly portraying their
features and dress. Some of these portraits are given in
the frontispiece and text, and many others in my Origin of
the Indo- Aryans. As most of the seals were exhumed
from the actual tombs of the saints and heroes named on
the seals at their ancient Phoenician Sun-temples, these
Indus Valley sites will doubtless now become popular places
of Hindu pilgrimage. And it is to be hoped that the priceless
seals and historical relics of these illustrious Early Aryan
pioneers will be suitably safeguarded.
On the origin of the Brahmanist and Vedic religion also,
much fresh historical light is shed by the seals. The early
Vedic religion is disclosed as apparently a monotheism with
the Sumerian Induru — the Sanskrit Indra — as the " en-
throned " Father-god, with his beneficent Sun-angel Vishnu
(the so-called Nina of the Assyriologists), who also assumes
the dual or twin form of the Nasatya or Day and Night or
" Resurrecting " Sun, who is invoked for Resurrection from
the Dead; and it is noteworthy that there is no trace of
goddesses. The Sumerian origin and meaning of these
god-names, and of the Fish " incarnation " (avatar) of
Vishnu are disclosed for the first time — this Fish form of
the Sun-angel being also found to be the Sumero-Phoenician
source of the names as well as representations of the Greek
and Roman sea-god Poseidon or Neptune, the Napat of the
Vedas. There is also disclosed the Sumerian origin and
meaning of the priestly titles " Brahman " and " Bhrigu " ;
the concrete evidence for the Kshattriyas or " warrior or
ruling caste " having been the first
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                              पाठ ३
1. Sumerian Origin of the Indo-Aryans and of

their Civilization and date of " Invasion " 1-5
2. Sites of the Indo-Sumerian Seals and
associated buildings in Indus Valley with
their Ancient History :
Disclosing Place-Names on Seals as Ancient
Indus River-ports of Phcenicians, and " Indus "
origin of name " India " .... 6-15
3. The Seals, their Stamp Shape and Animal
" Symbols " and division into Official Signets
and Grave-Amulets ..... 16-22
4. Sumerian Script on Seals : Its general Form
and Peculiarities and its Language Aryan 23-26
5. First Series of Indo-Sumerian Hieroglyph
Seals (Nos. I. and II.) from Harappa de-
ciphered AND TRANSLATED :
Disclosing their owners as famous Vedic Aryan
Fire-priests (Aus'ija and Kanwa) and Harappa
as a colony of Edin, tributary to Sumerian king
Uruas' (or " Ur-Nina ") of Lagash, and identity
of Uruas' and his son A-Madgal with Vedic
Aryan Haryas'wa and Mudgala of First
Panch{-ala) or Phoenician Dynasty about
3100 B.C. ....... 27-41
6. Personal Names and Titles of Owners of Seals
I. and II. : The Vedic Fire-priests Aus'ija
KAKSHiVAN AND KANWA :
Disclosing also Sumerian origin of Vedic priest
titles of" Bhrigu " and " Brahman " . . 42-47
xvii
xviii INDO-SUMERIAN SEALS DECIPHERED
7. Official Signet Indo-Sumerian Seals from
Mohenjo Daro and Harappa deciphered and
translated :
Disclosing Signets of Kan-we, of Slave-girl Sun-
priestess Usiz of Uriki (Vedic Us'ij-Wricaya,
wife of owner of Seal I.), S'us'ena of Gus'a
(" S'usin " of Ur and Indian Sushena), Tax
minister of Sagunu of Agdu (Indian Daxa re
Sakuni of Ayodhya), Sagara of Agdu or
Sargon I. of Agade, Damu the Guti or " Goth,"
etc., etc., and Indian Epic versions of Sargon I.,
Gudea, Dungi and Bur Sin I. and S'usin of
Ur Dynasty ....... 48-76
8. Death-Amulet Indo-Sumerian Seals from
Mohenjo Daro and Harappa deciphered and
translated :
Disclosing owners as Aryan Sumerian Vedic and
Indian Epic priests, priestesses and princes;
Amulets for Resurrection from the Dead by Sun ;
Formulas identical with Amorite Phoenician
" Cup-marked " Inscriptions in Ancient Britain ;
and Sumerian origin and meaning of Indian
Sun-god Vishnu 77~9^
9. Personal, Tribal and Clan Names and Titles on
Seals III. to XIX. :
Disclosing names of famous Vedic and Epic
priests, kings, queens and princes, Sargon I. of
Agade, S'usin of Ur, etc. ; and tribal or clan
names A-Mer (Amorite), Ari and Har[-ri]
(Aryan), Gad (Phoenician), Guti (Goth), Kaz
(Kassi), Khaiti (Catti or Hittite) and Saki
(Sacae or Saxon ?) ..... 99-101

10. Place-Names on the Indus Valley Seals and

their Identification :
Disclosing " Edin " as Sumerian city-state on
Indus, with capital " Khaitisiga " at Mohenjo
Daro ; and " Saki-Land " as " S'aka-Land "
of the Maga (Magi) Sun-Worshippers . . 102-111
11. Date of Indo-Sumerian Seals . . . 112-113
12. Historical Results and Effects of Discoveries 114-122
CONTENTS
xix
APPENDICES
PAGE
I, " Uruas' the Khad " (or Phoenician) as proper

NAME AND TITLE OF THE EARLY SUMERIAN KING
" UR-NlNA " SO-CALLED, THE FOUNDER OF FIRST
Panch(-ala) or Phoenician Dynasty about
3100 b.c 123-124
II. The so-called " Goddess Nina " of Assyri-
olqgists is the sun-flsh or resurrecting
Sun invoked in the Sumerian Seals of the
Indus Valley and Vishnu, the Sea-god
Poseidon or Neptune {Skt. Napat) and Fish-
emblem of Christ 125-128
III. The Sun-Fish as '* The Net of God " . . 128-129
IV. First Phoenician Dynasty of Uruas' ("Ur
Nina ") disclosed as " First Erek Dynasty "
of Isin King-Lists ; and Gis'zax (Skt. Caxus)
or " gllgamesh " as father of uruas' {har-
yas'wa) about 3150 b.c 129-134
V. Izzax, or Gis'zax or " Gilgamesh," King of
Erek 3150 b.c, as Sumerian Human Original
of Herakles of Phoenicians, Greeks and
Romans 134-135
Index 137-146
List of Illustrations xxi-xxii
Abbreviations for Chief References . . xxiii-xxiv
Fig. B. — Izzax,
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The facts referenced by Yadav Yogesh Kumar 'Rohi'